Stainless steel laser cutting classification mainly includes three types: gasification cutting, melting cutting, and oxidation cutting. Because laser cutting is high-precision, high-efficiency, can cut out exquisite patterns and logos, saves time and effort, is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and can meet various design needs, it is widely used in architectural decoration, home decoration, engineering decoration, and other fields. At present, the common stainless steel laser cutting on the market is nitrogen cutting and air cutting. 1. Nitrogen cutting: Nitrogen cutting is a kind of melting cutting. When nitrogen is used as an auxiliary gas for cutting, nitrogen will form a protective atmosphere around the molten metal to prevent the material from being oxidized and avoid the formation of oxide film, thereby achieving non-oxidation cutting, usually providing higher cutting quality and better surface finish, but the cost is relatively high. It is mainly suitable for applications with high cutting-quality requirements, such as the decoration industry, aerospace parts, etc.; 2. Air cutting: Air cutting primarily uses laser energy to melt the metal, blow away the molten material through high-pressure gas, and form metal oxide on the cut surface. Compared with nitrogen cutting, the cross-section of air cutting will appear yellow-black due to oxidation, the cutting quality and surface finish are relatively poor, and there are more burrs. Still, the cost is lower and the cutting speed is the fastest. It is suitable for cutting, opening holes, patching, beveling, and other cutting processes of various machinery, metal structures, and thin plates. It is widely used in automobiles, locomotives, pressure vessels, chemical machinery, the nuclear industry, general machinery, engineering machinery, steel structures, and other industries.

The oil grinding process of stainless steel surface mainly involves adding a certain amount of metal emulsion to the surface of the stainless steel plate/coil for wire drawing. This treatment method makes the stainless steel surface appear delicate, glossy, and shiny and has a good anti-rust effect. In the process of oil grinding wire drawing, by applying special essential oil on the surface of stainless steel and using the effect of high-speed friction, the microscopic uneven parts of the surface are flattened and fine textures are drawn out to prepare for the final mirror treatment. This treatment not only improves the appearance and texture of stainless steel but also enhances its corrosion resistance, making it more durable and beautiful. The classification of stainless steel oil grinding wire drawing mainly includes straight lines, random lines, corrugations, and threads. 1. Main features: (1) Exquisite appearance: The surface texture of the stainless steel plate after oil grinding wire drawing is more delicate and uniform than that of ordinary wire drawing, giving people a sense of elegance and luxury. At the same time, its texture is rich and diverse, which can meet the needs of different customers. (2) Good wear resistance: The surface hardness of the stainless steel plate after oil grinding wire drawing is higher, and the wear resistance is further improved. (3) Enhanced corrosion resistance: After oil-brushed processing, the surface corrosion resistance is enhanced, and it can maintain its beauty and durability in various corrosive environments. (4) Convenience of maintenance: The surface of the stainless steel plate after oil-brushed processing is smooth, not easy to stain with dust and dirt, and it is more convenient to clean. And because of its higher surface hardness, it is less likely to be scratched. 2. Scope of application: (1) Decoration field: It is mostly used for the decoration of high-end hotels, office buildings, villas, and other places. (2) Construction field: It is widely used in the facades, wall panels, ceilings, elevator decoration, floor paving, and other aspects of high-end buildings, mainly manifested in the dual role of beauty and practicality. (3) Machinery field: It is also widely used in the surface packaging and appearance beautification of manufacturing machinery and equipment, which can ensure the long-term beauty of the equipment's appearance and extend the service life.

Stainless steel mirror processing mainly uses abrasive liquid to polish the stainless steel plate surface through polishing equipment to make the plate surface as clear as a mirror. The mirror processing process can be divided into two methods: general grinding and fine grinding. The effect is mainly different in the brightness of the mirror surface. Fine grinding is brighter and more glossy. The surface is usually divided into ordinary mirrors and 8K mirrors. Usually, thin plates, medium plates, thick plates, extra-thick plates, hot-rolled plates, and cold-rolled plates can be mirror processed, and even color coatings can be made according to customer needs, which is more beautiful and decorative. 1. Main features: (1) Beautiful and durable: The stainless steel mirror panel is made of high-quality stainless steel material, which has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and pollution resistance. The surface is finely polished to present a smooth and bright mirror effect, giving people a noble and fashionable feeling. At the same time, the durability of stainless steel makes the mirror panel have a long service life and is not easily scratched and damaged. (2) Easy to clean: The surface of the stainless steel mirror panel is smooth and not easy to be stained with dirt. It is very convenient to clean. Just wipe it with a mild detergent. (3) Environmental protection and health: Stainless steel materials are non-toxic and harmless, will not release harmful substances, and meet environmental protection standards. At the same time, its antibacterial properties also make stainless steel mirror panels widely used in medical, food processing, and other fields. 2. Application scope: Stainless steel mirror panels are often used for indoor and outdoor walls, ceilings, stair handrails, and other decorations, giving the space a modern and high-end feel. In-home decoration, it can be used for kitchen countertops, bathroom walls, furniture, etc., to enhance the overall quality and aesthetics of the home. In addition, stainless steel mirror panels are also widely used in the decoration of shopping malls, hotels, exhibition halls, and other places, creating a fashionable and high-end atmosphere.

Welding is a manufacturing process and technology that joins metals by heating, high temperature, or high pressure. According to different classification standards, welding has different classification forms. For example, according to the process principle, welding can be roughly divided into three categories: fusion welding, pressure welding and brazing. The most commonly used basic welding technologies in the sheet metal industry are manual arc welding, argon arc welding, CO₂ gas shielded welding, laser welding, and spot welding. 1. Manual arc welding: commonly known as electric welding, is the most basic welding process. It uses the manually operated welding rod and the workpiece to be welded as two electrodes and uses the arc heat between the welding rod and the weldment to melt the metal for welding. The advantages of electric welding are simple equipment, low cost, and strong adaptability without auxiliary gas. The disadvantages are high labor intensity, low efficiency, and some welding rods are prone to hydrogen embrittlement, which requires high technical skills for welders. It is widely used in manufacturing and maintenance industries such as shipbuilding, boilers and pressure vessels, machinery manufacturing, building structures, and chemical equipment. 2. Argon arc welding: Based on the principle of ordinary arc welding, it uses argon gas to protect metal welding materials. Through high current, the welding materials are melted into liquid on the welded substrate to form a molten pool, so that the welded metal and welding materials can achieve metallurgical bonding. Since argon gas is continuously supplied during high-temperature molten welding, the welding materials cannot contact with oxygen in the air, thereby preventing the oxidation of the welding materials. Therefore, stainless steel and iron hardware metals can be welded. Advantages: Argon gas protection can obtain dense, spatter-free, and high-quality welding joints; the arc burns stably, the heat is concentrated, the arc column temperature is high, the efficiency is high, the heat-affected zone is narrow, and the strain of the welding part of the workpiece is small; open arc welding is easy to operate and observe; all-position welding is possible, not limited by the welding part of the workpiece; the electrode loss is small, easy to maintain, easy to realize mechanization and automation; all metals can be welded, especially some refractory and easily oxidized metals, such as magnesium, titanium, molybdenum, zirconium, aluminum, and their alloys. Disadvantages: Affected by the environment (wind), the welding speed is slow, the workers have high technical requirements and low melting points and volatile metals cannot be welded. 3. 03CO₂ gas shielded welding: commonly known as two-shield welding, it is a welding method that uses carbon dioxide as gas protection. The welding wire is melted by the arc and fed into the welding area. The electric drive roller feeds the welding wire from the spool into the welding torch according to the welding requirements. It belongs to the type of consumable gas-shielded welding. The advantages are good arc visibility, which is conducive to observation, small welding deformation compared to electric welding, low cost, and high production efficiency. The disadvantages are that the welding machine equipment is complex and prone to failure, requiring high technical ability to maintain the equipment, poor wind resistance, and large welding spatter. 4. Laser welding: It is a method of welding that uses the heat generated by bombarding the weldment with a focused laser beam as energy. The surface of the workpiece is heated by laser radiation, and the surface heat diffuses to the inside through heat conduction, so that the workpiece melts to form a specific molten pool. The advantages are fast welding speed, small metallographic change range of the heat-affected zone, minimum deformation caused by heat conduction, a wide range of weldable materials, and various heterogeneous materials that can also be joined to each other. The disadvantages are that the position of the weldment needs to be very precise, the weldable thickness is limited, the energy conversion rate is low, and the equipment is relatively expensive. 5. Spot welding: Also known as butt welding, it is a method of assembling welded parts into overlapping joints and pressing them between two electrodes, using resistance heat to melt the parent metal and form welds. It is mainly suitable for welding thin-plate components and stamping parts that do not require airtightness. The advantages are a short heating time for the connection area, fast welding speed, only consumption of electricity, no need for filling materials or flux, simple operation, high productivity, low labor intensity, and good working conditions. The disadvantages are that it cannot work in a small space, the production scene is limited, it is not suitable for welding thicker materials, an

1. Bending process: The bending process is the process of bending and straightening metal sheets into the required shape and structure. It usually requires equipment such as bending machines and straightening machines. The advantage is that it can process metal sheets of various shapes with high precision and good surface quality. In the bending process, the processing parameters mainly include bending angle, bending radius, material thickness, etc., which are important factors affecting the quality of the bending process. This process is widely used in construction, furniture, electrical appliances, automobiles, and other fields, such as car doors, roofs, etc. 2. Rolling process: The rolling process is the process of bending metal sheets or tubes into circular parts with a certain diameter and angle. It requires equipment and tools such as plate rolling machines and rounding machines. According to different materials and processing requirements, select appropriate processing methods and parameters. In the rolling process, the processing parameters mainly include curling radius, curling angle, material thickness, etc. Among them, the curling radius is the key factor affecting the curling accuracy, and the material thickness will also affect the curling radius. The advantage of the rolling process is that it can process circular parts of various diameters and angles with high precision and good surface quality. It is widely used in pipes, flanges, cylinders, pressure vessels, automotive parts, and other fields.

1. Manufacturing process: Stamping is a process that processes a sheet or other material into a desired shape by applying external force. It includes several basic processes, the most common of which are shearing, punching, stretching, and bending. The application characteristics of these basic processes are as follows: (1) Shearing: Shearing is the process of cutting a sheet into the desired shape along the specified lines. It often uses a die with a cutting edge to separate the sheet into two parts by applying a shear force to the sheet. The characteristics of the shearing process are fast-cutting speed, low cost, and suitability for mass production (2) Punching: Punching is the process of making holes of the desired shape on the sheet through a die. The punching process is usually carried out using a punching machine. The moving punch is used to impact the sheet to form one or more holes on the sheet. The characteristics of the punching process are high production efficiency, low cost, and the ability to perform high-precision punching. (3) Stretching: Stretching is the process of stretching the sheet to the desired shape. It is often used to make thin-walled cups, bowls, or covers with complex shapes. The stretching process usually uses a die to apply a stretching force to the sheet so that the sheet gradually deforms from a certain local area and eventually forms the desired shape. The characteristic of the stretching process is that it can produce parts with complex shapes, but it has certain requirements on the material and thickness of the sheet. (4) Bending: Bending is the process of bending the sheet into the required shape at a specified angle. It deforms the sheet around the bending line of the mold by applying the corresponding bending force. The characteristics of the bending process are a short production cycle and low cost, and it can produce curved parts with different radii and angles. 2. Characteristics: The stamping process has the characteristics of high efficiency, high precision, low cost, and good surface quality. (1) High efficiency: The stamping process has a high degree of automation and mechanization, and can produce a large number of products quickly and continuously. It is suitable for mass production, with high production efficiency, and can significantly reduce production costs. (2) High precision: The precise control of the mold and the plastic deformation of the material during the stamping process makes the parts manufactured by the stamping process have high precision, smooth surface, and stable size, and can process parts with complex shapes with low processing difficulty. (3) Low cost: Due to the high efficiency and automated production of the stamping process, the labor cost is low and the mold service life is long, which can significantly reduce production costs. In addition, the stamping process can make full use of materials and reduce waste. (4) Good surface quality: Stamped parts generally do not require further machining, have high dimensional accuracy and good surface quality, and provide convenient conditions for subsequent surface treatment processes (such as electroplating, painting, etc.). 3. Scope of application: Stamping technology applies to a variety of materials, including iron, copper, aluminum, stainless steel, etc., and is widely used in automobiles, electrical appliances, instruments, household appliances and other fields. (1) Automobile manufacturing industry: Stamping technology can be used to manufacture automobile bodies, doors, windows, engine hoods, luggage compartments, and other parts; (2) Electronics industry: The housings, panels, connectors, and other parts of electronic equipment are also widely manufactured using stamping technology; (3) Home appliance manufacturing: The housings and panels of home appliances such as refrigerators, washing machines, and air conditioners are usually manufactured using stamping technology. This process can produce high-strength, rigid, and durable metal parts, improving the stability and reliability of home appliances; (4) Aerospace field: Complex-shaped parts such as blades and housings of aircraft engines. Its high strength, high precision, and high consistency requirements make stamping technology an indispensable process in the aerospace field.

1. Manufacturing process: The head is the end cover on the pressure vessel and is a major pressure-bearing component of the pressure vessel. Its main function is sealing. According to the structural form, the head can be divided into several types, such as convex head, conical head, flat head, and combined head. Among them, the convex head is the most commonly used one, with good force performance and stability, and is suitable for most situations. The material of the head is usually the same as the material of the container body to ensure the strength and sealing of the overall structure. Common materials include carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, etc. The production process of the head mainly includes the steps of raw material procurement - cutting - head forming machine processing - interface welding - heat treatment - and quality inspection. Its manufacturing process includes forging, spinning, stamping, etc. The materials include 304, 321, 304L, 316, 316L, etc., as well as carbon steel and alloy steel. 2. Application: (1) Petrochemical: Heads are widely used in reactors, storage tanks, separators, and other equipment to ensure the sealing and safety of the equipment. (2) Energy: In energy fields such as thermal power plants and nuclear power plants, end caps are used to seal boilers, pressure vessels, and other equipment to ensure the normal operation and safety of the equipment. (3) Pharmaceuticals and food: The pharmaceutical and food industries have extremely high requirements for the hygiene and sealing of equipment. End caps are also widely used in these fields. For example, reactors, storage tanks, and other equipment all require end caps to ensure product quality and safety. (4) Nuclear power generation: End caps can be used in the manufacturing process of nuclear power regulators, nuclear power steam generators, and other equipment, which have high requirements for material performance and production process level.